Many New Kingdom texts would not have existed had monotheism gained popular support after the Amarna period; and I feel that the work of the New Kingdom Order of the Benu/ Phoenix must be
about continuing the GREAT RESTORATION of Amoun, Horus, and all the deities. Ma'at's cosmic rule was restored then - it can be so again.
"With the death of it's despotic leader, Atenism really had no future." The Great Restoration Stele paints a sorry picture of neglect and wanton destruction of the Temples of the Great Gods during the
reign of the heretic, Akhenaton; and the subsequent famines and disasters that befell the population.
From http://www.geocities.com/debunkinglc/home.html Ian Alex Blease's site:
The Temples and shrines of the Great Gods had been either neglected or attacked, as was the Temple of Amun, Ipet-Sut. Ahkenaten had a particular hatred of Amun, and his agents, no doubt backed up by military force, carried out a concentrated attempt to remove the images and names of Amun. They even went to the extent of scaling the Great Obelisks of Hatsheput, Thuthmose I and Thuthmose III
to remove the names and images of Amun. This can still be clearly seen on the Pyramidion of the Fallen Hatshepsut Obelisk, note that this damage had to wait until the reign of Seti I for repair.
It is no coincidence that the real backlash against Akhenaten occurs from the Reign of Seti onwards. All the preceeding Kings, ie, Tut-Ankh-Amun, Ay, Horemheb and Ramesses I were connected with the Armarna Heresy.
(This version THE RESTORATION STELE is extracted from B.G. Davies, 1995 Translation.)
May he be given Life, like Re forever and ever, Beloved of Amun Lord of the Two Lands, Foremost in Karnak, beloved of Atum Lord of the Two Lands of Heliopolis; of Re-Horakhte and
Ptah-south-of-his-wall, Lord of Memphis; and of Thoth, Lord of Hieroglyphs, the one who appeared upon
the throne of the living Horus, like his father Re.
The good god, son of Amun, son of Kamutef, Bull-of-his-Mother, the good son, the holy egg whom
Amun created, father of the Two Lands, the one who makes the one who made him, the ba's of Heliopolis united in order to form him, to be King forever and ever, as Horus, living immortally. He is the effective King who did what was good for his father and all the gods. He restored everything that was ruined, to be his monument forever and ever. He has vanquished chaos from the whole land and has restored
Ma'at to her place. He has made lying a crime, the whole land being made as it was at the time of creation.
Now when His Majesty was crowned King the temples and the estates of the gods and goddesses from Elephantine as far as the swamps of Lower Egypt had fallen into ruin. Their shrines had fallen down, turned into piles of rubble and overgrown with weeds. Their sanctuaries were as if they had never existed at all. Their temples had become footpaths. The world was in chaos and the gods had turned their backs on this land. If an army was sent to Djahy to extend the boundaries if Egypt, it would have no success. If you asked a god for advice, he would not attend; and if one spoke to a goddess likewise she would not attend.
Hearts were faint in bodies because everything that had been, was destroyed.
Now some days after His Majesty appeared upon the throne of his father and he ruled the Two Banks of Horus, the Black Land and the Red Land being under his authority and every land bowed down before
his might. How His Majesty was in his palace which was in the House of Aakheperkare, being like the Sun in the sky, and His Majesty carried out the works of this land and everything the Two Lands needed every
day. Then His Majesty considered in his heart and looked for something which would be effective for his father Amun. He made the holy statue out of genuine electrum, giving to it more than he had done before.
He made his father Amun 13 poles long, the holy statue being made of electrum, lapis lazuli, turquoise and every noble and precious stone, although the majesty of this noble god had been only 7 poles long
before. His Majesty made monuments for the gods, making their statues from electrum from the tribute of the foreign lands. He renewed their sanctuaries as his monuments forever and ever, endowing them with
offerings forever, laying aside for them divine offerings daily, laying aside bread from the earth. He added great wealth on top of that which existed before, doing more than his predecessors had ever done. He allocated waab-priests, God's Servants and the heirs of the Chiefs of the Cities to be the sons of wise men whose reputation is established. He has enriched their tables with gold and silver, bronze and copper without limit. He has filled their storehouses with male and female workers and with His Majesty's booty. He has added to the wealth of every temple, doubling, trebling and quadrupling the silver, gold, lapis lazuli, turquoise and every noble precious stone, together with byssus, white linen, ordinary linen, oil, fat, resin, incense, perfumes and myrrh without limit.
His Majesty, Life Prosperity Health, has made quays for the river from new wood from the hill-slopes from the pick of Negau, inlaid with gold, the tribute of foreign countries, so that they might decorate
the river. His Majesty, Life Prosperity Health, picked male and female servants, musicians and dancers who had been women of the palace, their cost being charged to the palace and to the treasury of the Two
Lands. I shall have them protected and guarded for my ancestors, the gods, in the hope that they will be contented, by doing what their ka's wish while they protect Egypt.
Now the gods and goddesses of this land are rejoicing in their hearts, the Lords of the temples are in joy, the provinces all rejoice and celebrate throughout this whole land because good has come back into
existence. The Ennead [the nine gods of creation] in the temple, their arms are raised in adoration, their hands are filled with jubilees forever and ever. All life and might is with them, and it is for the nose of the mighty King Horus, repeater of births, beloved son of his father Amun Lord of the gods, who made the one who made him, the King of Upper and Lower Egypt, his eldest son, the true and beloved one who
protects his father who begot him. His Kingship is that of his father Osiris son of Re, the son who is good to the one who begot him, plentiful in monuments, rich in wonders, the one who makes an accurate
monument for his father Amun, fair of births, the King who has established Egypt.
The above text is an extract from the Restoration Stela of Tutankhamun
at Karnak.From: Egyptian Historical Records of the Later Eighteenth Dynasty
Dynasty, Fascicle VI - B. G. Davies / 1995
Alternative translation:
1)[...] Fourth month of the inundation season, day 19, under the
Majesty of Horus ' Strong bull,' Beautiful of Birth', Two Ladies {
Goodly of Laws, he who pacifies the Two Lands, Horus of Gold, 'Exalted
of Crowns, Who placates the Gods,'King of Upper and Lower Egypt,'
Nebkheperure, 'Son of Re, ' Tutankhamun, Ruler of Hermonthis', Given
Life like Re, Forever]
2) Beloved of [Amun-Ra] Lord of the Thrones of the Two Lands, Chief of
Ipet-Sut; Atum, Lord of the Two lands and Iunu; Re-Harakhte; Ptah,
South of his Wall, Lord of [Ankhtawy] and Thoth, Lord of the Gods
speech; He who ap[pears on]The Horus [Throne of the liv]ing like his
father Re, everyday;
3) The Good [God], Son of Amun; image of Kamphis, Glorious
Seed,[Splendid offspring], Scion of Amun Himself; [Father of the Two
Lands] who moulds his moulder, who fashions his fashioner;
4)For whom the Souls of Iunu assembled, in order that he might be
fashioned to act as King of Eternity, as the everlasting Horus; The
Good God who does things beneficial to his father and all the Gods,
5)He has made that which was in ruins to flourish as a monument of
Eternal age; he has suppressed wrongdoing throughout the Two Lands;
truth is established, she (Maat) causes falsehood to be the
abomination of the Land, as in its First Time.
6)The Temples of the Gods and Goddesses, beginning from Elephantine
[down] to the marshes of the delta,[their?----had] fallen into neglect
7)Their shrines had fallen into desolation and become tracts overgrown
with k[3t?]-plants,their sanctuaries were as if they had never
been.Their halls were a trodden path.
8)The land was in confusion, the Gods forsook this land.
9)If an [army] was sent to Djahy to widen the frontiers of Egypt, it
met with no success at all, if one prayed to a God to ask things of
him {in no sense] did he come.
If one made supplication to a Goddess in like manner, in no sense did
she come.
10)Their hearts were weak of themselves (with anger) They destroyed
what had been done. After some days had passed by this [his Majesty
app]eared on the throne of his father; He ruled the countries of
Horus, The Black Land and the Red Land were under his
11) dominion and every Land was in obeisance to his might, Behold his
Majesty was in his palace which is in the estate of 'Ankheperkare'
like Re in the heavens and his Majesty was administering this land and
making daily governance of the Two-River banks,
12)then his Majesty took council with his heart, searching out every
excellent occasion, seeking what was beneficial to his father Amun for
fashioning his August image of real fine-gold. He has added to what
was done in former times,
13)He has fashioned (an image of)his father Amun upon Thirteen
carrying poles, his Holy image being of fine gold, lapis lazuli and
every rare and costly stone,
14)where as formerly, the Majesty of the August God had been upon
Eleven carrying poles.
He has fashioned ( an image of) Ptah, South of his Wall, Lord of
Ankhtawe, his August image being of fine gold [upon eleven carryi]ng
poles, his holy image being of fine gold, lapis lazuli, turquoise and
every rare and costly stone.
15) Where as formerly the Majesty of this August God had been upon
[six?] carrying poles and his Majesty has made monuments for the Gods
[fashioning] their statues of real fine gold, the best of foreign lands,
16) Building anew their sanctuaries as monuments of eternal age, they
being endowed with property forever, establishing for them divine
gifts as a lasting daily sacrifice and supplying them with
food-offerings upon earth.
17) He has added to what was done since the time of the ancestors,he
has inducted priests and prophets, children of the notables of their
towns, each the son of a noted man and one whose name is known;
18)He has multiplied their [wealth?] with gold, silver, bronze and
copper without limit of [all things?]; He has filled their storehouses
with men and women, the fruits of his Majesty's plundering.
19) All the [possessions?] of the Temples are doubled, trebled and
quadrupled with silver,gold,lapis lazuli,turquoise,all rare and costly
stones,royal linen, white cloth, fine linen, olive oil,gum,fat [...],
20) incense, ihmt incense and myrrh without limit of all good things.
His Majesty ( may he live, prosper and be in health) has hewn their
barques which are on the
21) river of fresh cedar, the best of the hill slope,the pick of
Negau, worked with fine gold, the best of foreign lands; and they
illume the river. His Majesty (may he live, prosper and be in health
has consecrated men and women servants,
22) singers and dancers who are servants in the house of the King; and
their wages are to the [....] palace of the Lord of the Two Lands.
23) I cause them to be protected and preserved for my fathers, the
Gods, in the desire to placate then by doing what which their Ka's
love so that they may protect [Ta-meny]
The Gods and Goddesses who are in this land, their hearts are joyful,
24) The possessors of shrines are glad, lands are in a state of
jubilation and merry making,exaltation is throughout [the whole land];
a goodly state has come to pass.
The Ennead of Gods who are in the Temple,their arms are raised up in
adoration,
25) Their hands are full of jubilees [of] eternity and
everlastingness, all Life and Prosperity with them (are placed) to the
beak of Horus who is born again, beloved son [of his father, Amun-Re,
Lord of the Thrones of the Two Lands-]
He (Amun) has fashioned him that he (himself) may be fashioned, King
of Upper and Lower Egypt, Nebkhperure, Beloved of Amun.
26)His Beloved, real Eldest Son, who protects the Father who fashioned
him that he may excercise the Kingship over K[ings in all Lands], Son
of Re, ' Tut-Ankh-Amun, Ruler of Hermonthis, a Son who is profitable
to him who fashioned him, wealthy in monuments, Rich in Wonders,
27) Who makes monuments in righteousness of heart for his Father,
Amun; Beautiful of Birth, Sovereign [ who assumed the Crowns in
Khemmis].On this day, one was in the goodly palace, which is in the
estate of Ankhkheperkare, Justified;
28) Behold, [his Majesty] was rejuvenated, he who seizes (?) hastened
of himself, Khnum has moulded him[........................]
He is Mighty of Arm, Great of Strength, One distinguished more than
the mighty, vast of strength like the son of [Nut].
29) Mighty of Arm like Horus, there exists no equal to him among the
mighty ones of all lands together; He who knows like Re, who[...s]
like Ptah, who understands like Thoth, who ordains excellent laws, who
commands [........],
30) Excellent of Utterance;
King of Upper and Lower Egypt, Lord of the Two Lands, Lord of Rites,
Lord of the Strong Arm, Nebkheperure, He who placates the Gods,
beloved Son of Re of his Body, Lord of every Foreign Land, Lord of
Crowns, Tut-Ankh-Amun, Ruler of Hermonthis, Given Life, Stability and
Prosperity like Re [for all time}.
http://www.geocities.com/debunkinglc/Stela.html
| Netjer |
| Recension |
| Amoun/Amen |
| Thot/Thoth/Tehuty/Djehouty |
| Horus/Har/Hiero |
| Rah |
| Osiris |
| Isis |
| Heka |
| Hornung's One and the Many |
| God against the Gods |
| The Tree |
| Book of Thoth |
| Akhenaten |